Selected Publications
Bush G, Fink M, Petrides G, Dowling F, Francis A.: Catatonia. I: Rating scale and standardized examination. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1996; 93:129-137.
Bush G, Whalen PJ, Rosen BR, Jenike MA, et al: The Counting Stroop: An interference task specialized for functional neuroimaging-validation study with functional MRI. Human Brain Mapping 1998;6:270-282.
Bush G, Frazier JA, Rauch SL, Seidman LJ, Whalen PJ, Jenike MA, Rosen BR, Biederman J. Anterior cingulate cortex dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder revealed by fMRI and the Counting Stroop. Biological Psychiatry 1999; 45:1542-52.
Bush G, Luu P, Posner MI. Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex [Review]. Trends in Cognitive Science. 2000; 4:215-222.
Lazar SW, Bush G, Gollub RL, Fricchione GL, Khalsa G, Benson H. Functional brain mapping of the relaxation response and meditation. NeuroReport 2000; 11:1581-5.
Shin, L.M., Whalen, P.J., Pitman, R.K., Bush, G., et al. An fMRI study of anterior cingulate function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2001; 50:932-942.
Bush, G.; Vogt, B.A.; Holmes, J.; Dale, A. M.; Greve, D.; Jenike, M.A.; Rosen, B. R. Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex: A role in reward-based decision-making. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U. S. A. 2002; 99:507-512.
Heckers S, Weiss AP, Deckersbach T, Goff D, Morecraft RJ, Bush G. Anterior cingulate cortex activation during cognitive interference in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry 2004; 161:707-715.
Williams ZM, Bush G, Rauch SL, Cosgrove GR, Eskandar EN. Human anterior cingulate neurons and the integration of monetary reward with motor responses. Nature Neuroscience. 2004; 7:1370-1375.
Vogt BA, Vogt L, Farber NB, Bush G. Architecture and neurocytology of monkey cingulate cortex. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2005; 485:218-239.
Bush G, Valera EM, Seidman LJ. Functional neuroimaging of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review and suggested future directions. Biological Psychiatry 2005; 57:1273-84.
Seidman LJ, Valera E, Makris N, Monuteaux MC, Boriel DL, Kelkar K, Kennedy DN, Caviness VS Jr, Bush G, Aleardi M, Faraone SV, Biederman J. Dorsolateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex volumetric abnormalities in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder identified by magnetic resonance imaging. Biological Psychiatry. 2006; 60:1071-1080.
Bush G, Whalen PJ, Shin LM, Rauch SL. The Counting Stroop: a cognitive interference task. Nature Protocols 2006; 1: 230-233.
Whalen PJ, Bush G, Shin LM, Rauch SL. The Emotional Counting Stroop: a task for assessing emotional interference during brain imaging. Nature Protocols 2006; 1: 293-296.
Bush G, Shin LM. The Multi-Source Interference Task: an fMRI task that reliably activates the cingulo-frontal-parietal cognitive/attention network. Nature Protocols 2006; 1: 308-313.
Makris N, Biederman J, Valera EM, Bush G, Kaiser J, Kennedy DN, Caviness VS, Faraone SV, Seidman LJ. Cortical Thinning of the Attention and Executive Function Networks in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Cerebral Cortex 2007-17:1364-1375.
Shin, L.M., Bush, G., Whalen, P.J., Handwerger, K., Cannistraro, P., Wright, C.I., Martis, B., Macklin, M.L., Lasko, N.B., Orr, S.P., Pitman, R.K., Rauch, S.L. Dorsal anterior cingulate function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2007; 20:701-712.
Bush G, Spencer TJ, Holmes J, Shin LM, Valera E, Seidman LJ, Makris N, Surman C, Aleardi M, Mick E, Biederman J. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of methylphenidate and placebo in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during the Multi-Source Interference Task. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2008;65:102-114.
Makris NM, Buka SL, Biederman J, Papadimitriou GM, Hodge SM, Valera EM, Brown AB, Bush G, Monuteaux MC, Caviness VS, Kennedy DN, Seidman LJ. Attention and executive systems abnormalities in adults with childhood ADHD: A DT-MRI study of connections. Cerebral Cortex. 2008; 18:1210-20.
Bush G. Neuroimaging of ADHD: Can new imaging findings be integrated in clinical practice? Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 2008. 17: 385-404.
Monuteaux MC, Seidman LJ, Faraone SV, Makris N, Spencer T, Valera E, Brown A, Bush G, Doyle AE, Hughes S, Helliesen M, Mick E, Biederman J. A preliminary study of dopamine D4 receptor genotype and structural brain alterations in adults with ADHD. American Journal Medical Genetics Part B. Neuropsychiatric Genetics. 2008 5:1436-41.
Brown AB, Biederman J, Valera EM, Doyle AE, Bush G, Spencer T, Monuteaux MC, Mick E, Gabrieli-Whitfield S, Makris N, LaViolette PS, Oscar-Berman M, Faraone SV, Seidman LJ. Effect of dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3) variation on dorsal anterior cingulate function in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. American Journal Medical Genetics Part B. Neuropsychiatric Genetics 2010 Mar 5;153B(2):365-75.
Bush G. Dorsal anterior midcingulate cortex: Roles in normal cognition and disruption in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. (2009) Cingulate Neurobiology and Disease. (Ed. Brent Vogt) Oxford University Press. Chapter 12. New York, NY. pp. 245–274.
Bush G. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and Attention Networks. (2009) Neuropsychopharmacology. Sep 16. pp. 1-23 [Epub ahead of print].
Bush G. Dorsal anterior midcingulate cortex: Roles in normal cognition and disruption in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. (2009) Cingulate Neurobiology and Disease. (Ed. Brent Vogt) Oxford University Press. Chapter 12. New York, NY. pp. 245–274
Makris N, Seidman LJ, Valera EM, Biederman J, Monuteaux MC, Kennedy DN, Caviness VS Jr, Bush G, Crum K, Brown AB, Faraone SV. Anterior cingulate volumetric alterations in treatment-naive adults with ADHD: a pilot study.
J Atten Disord. 2010 Jan;13(4):407-13.
Shin LM, Bush G, Milad MR, Lasko NB, Brohawn KH, Hughes KC, Macklin ML, Gold AL, Karpf RD, Orr SP, Rauch SL, Pitman RK. Exaggerated activation of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex during cognitive interference: a monozygotic twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;168(9):979-85. Epub 2011
Bush G. Cingulate, frontal, and parietal cortical dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biological Psychiatry. 2011 Jun 15;69(12):1160-7. Epub 2011
Sheth SA, Mian MK, Patel SR, Asaad WF, Williams ZM, Dougherty DD, Bush G, Eskandar EN. Human dorsal anterior cingulate cortex neurons mediate ongoing behavioural adaptation. Nature. 2012 Aug 9;488(7410):218-21.
OVERVIEW
My research is focused on developing novel functional MRI brain imaging paradigms which are used to study normal cognitive and emotional processing and neuropsychiatric disorders. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been a special interest for over a decade. Our group has identified functional, structural, biochemical and connection abnormalities that play roles in the pathophysiology of ADHD, and has used functional MRI to study the psychopharmacological mechanisms of medications used to treat ADHD. Determining how cingulate cortex functions is vital to understanding the neurobiology of neuropsychiatric disorders, as its subregions play crucial roles in cognitive, emotional, reward and motor processes. Our lab’s collaborative studies incorporate functional MRI, intracranial recordings, cognitive neuroscience techniques and clinical research methods with refined understanding of cingulate cortex anatomy and physiology. Additionally, we conduct multimodal imaging studies to characterize the neural substrate of meditation and social attachment processes.
Methods: fMRI, ASL, mMRI, DTI, PET, intracranial recordings, behavior
Special Areas of Interest: ADHD, Anxiety Disorders, Depression
Regional, National, and International Contributions:
a. Invited Presentations
Regional Contributions
1996 Invited Lecturer; Visiting Fellows Course in Functional Magnetic Resonance
Imaging, MGH-NMR Center, Charlestown, MA
“Complex Cognitive Paradigms in FMRI” and
“An Automated System of Localization and Characterization of Functional MRI
Activations in Four Dimensions” (Two-part Lecture)
1998 Invited Speaker; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA
“Functional MRI Studies of Cingulate Cortex”
1998 Invited Speaker; Working Memory Symposium with Mysell Lecturer
(Dr. Patricia Goldman-Rakic), Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, MA
“Interaction of Anterior Cingulate and Prefrontal Cortex during Cognitive Tasks”
2001 Invited Speaker, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
“Heterogeneity Within Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex”
2003 Invited Speaker: Developmental Neuroscience Course, Judge Baker Children’s Center –
Boston, MA
“The Neurobiology of ADHD”
2003 Grand Rounds in Psychiatry: Tufts Medical School & New England Medical Center
Boston, MA
“Cingulate Cortex: Attention, Emotion and Neuropsychiatric Disorders”
2003 Invited Speaker; Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceuticals; Boston, MA
“Update on Functional & Pharmacological Imaging Research and ADHD”
2005 Invited Speaker; State University of New York at Stony Brook, Dept. of Psychology
“Cingulate Cortex: Attention, Emotion and Neuropsychiatric Disorders”
2005 Invited Speaker; Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
“Cingulate Cortex: Combined fMRI and Intracranial Recordings in Humans”
2005 Invited Speaker; Grand Rounds in Psychiatry, Stony Brook University Hospital,
Stony Brook, NY
“Functional Imaging in Psychiatry: The Cingulate Cortex in Health and Illness”
2005 Invited Speaker; Rockefeller University-Hastings Center, New York, NY
“Perspectives on Clinical Uses of Functional Neuroimaging: Focus on ADHD”
2009 Invited Speaker; Brigham Behavioral Neuroscience Seminar, Boston, MA
“Neuroimaging and Intra-Operative Recordings of Cingulate Cortex in Humans”
2012 Invited Speaker; Massachusetts General Hospital Grand Rounds, Boston, MA
George B. Murray Limbic Grand Rounds Lecture
What Doesn't the Limbic System Do?: Functional MRI and Intracranial Recordings
of Cingulate Cortex
National Contributions
1993 Invited Speaker; American Neuropsychiatric Association, San Antonio, TX
“Catatonia in a University Psychiatric Service”
2001 Invited Speaker, Primate Cingulate Cortex Research Workshop, San Diego, CA
“Local Intracortical Network Model of Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex Supported by
Reward-Based Decision-Making Task And Event-Related fMRI.”
2002 Symposium Speaker; American Neuropsychiatric Association, La Jolla, CA
“Controversies in ADHD Research”
2002 Invited Speaker; Annual Meeting of the Society of Biological Psychiatry,
Philadelphia, PA
“The Oddball Stroop: A Potential Diagnostic Test”
2002 Course Speaker; Associated Professional Sleep Societies 16th Ann. Meeting Seattle,WA
Sleep, Sleepiness, and the Prefrontal Cortex
“Why Cingulate Cortex is Important to Sleep Research”
2002 Symposium Speaker; Novartis’ American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Satellite Symposium – San Francisco, CA
“Neuroimaging of ADHD”
2002 Symposium Speaker; Association for Advancement of Behavioral Therapy – Reno, NV
Neuroimaging Studies of Information Processing in Psychopathology
“Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex: Key Roles in Normal Cognition and
Neuropsychiatric Disorders”
2003 Invited Speaker; ADHD-Genetics, Cognition and Imaging;
Sponsor: National Institute of Mental Health – Cambridge, MA
“Functional MRI of ADHD”
2003 Discussant; National ADHD Consultants’ Meeting (Novartis) – Miami, FL
“Psychopharmacology of ADHD—Case Studies”
2003 Invited Speaker; Child Neurology Advisory Meeting; Sponsor: Novartis – Chicago, IL
“Emerging Research in the Neurobiology of ADHD”
2003 Invited Speaker; Advances in ADHD Research: CNS Advisory Forum; Chicago, IL
“The Neurobiological Basis of ADHD”
2004 Invited Speaker; The Society of Biological Psychiatry’s Advancing the Neuroscience of
ADHD: An Educational & Scientific Conference; Boston, MA
“Functional & Pharmacological Imaging in ADHD”
2004 Symposium Speaker; Society of Biological Psychiatry’s Annual Meeting; New York, NY
“Functional Imaging of Methylphenidate & Galantamine in Adult ADHD”
2004 Invited Speaker; The Stanley S. Lamm Institute for Child Neurology and Developmental
Medicine, Brooklyn, NY
“Neurological Basis of Developmental Disabilities: Attention Deficit Disorders and
Co-morbid Conditions”
2004 Invited Speaker; National Institute of Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD
“Cingulate Cortex: Decisions, Rewards and Drug Effects
2006 Invited Speaker, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD
Optimizing fMRI Approaches to Adolescent Mental Disorders Workshop
“Functional & Structural MRI Studies of ADHD”
2007 Invited Speaker, McNeil Pharmaceuticals Speaker Update, Charleston, SC
“Neurobiology & Neuropharmacology of ADHD”
2007 Invited Speaker, Vanderbilt Medical School & , Nashville, TN
“Neurobiology of ADHD”
2007 Invited Speaker, McNeil Pharmaceuticals Speaker Update, Bonita Springs, FL
“Neurobiology & Neuropharmacology of ADHD”
2007 Invited Speaker, Eli Lilly & Co. Pharmaceuticals Speaker Update, Detroit, MI
“Neurobiology & Neuropharmacology of ADHD”
2007 Invited Speaker, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD
Improving Long-term Outcomes in ADHD: A Treatment Development Workshop
“Neuroimaging Studies of ADHD”
International Contributions
1993 Symposium Speaker; American Psychiatric Association - Catatonia Symposium
San Francisco, CA
“Rating Scale and Diagnostic Criteria for Catatonia”
1993 Symposium Speaker; American Psychiatric Association - Catatonia Symposium
San Francisco, CA
“Treatment Issues in Catatonia.”
1997 Speaker; Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting; New Orleans, LA
“Habituation of the Anterior Cingulate Functional MRI Response Occurs During
Learning of the Counting Stroop Interference Task”
1998 Invited Speaker; Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, CA
“Two types of pseudo-3-dimensional spatial working memory tasks (delayed
matching & continuous performance) produce reliable 3.0 Tesla functional MRI
responses in prefrontal and parietal cortex.”
1999 Invited Speaker, American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, Acapulco, Mexico
“Anterior Cingulate Dysfunction in Attention Deficit Disorder”
2000 Invited Symposium Speaker
Organization for Human Brain Mapping Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX
“Functional MRI Studies of Cross-Modal Facilitation and Competition”
2002 Symposium Speaker; American Psychiatric Association – Philadelphia, PA
Adult ADHD—From Research to Clinical Practice
“Functional and Structural Neuroimaging of ADHD”
2002 Invited Speaker; FORUM: ADHD; Sponsor: Johnson & Johnson – Athens, Greece
“The Biological Basis of ADHD”
2003 Symposium Speaker; American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
ADHD: From Research to Clinical Practice Symposium – Miami, FL
“Neuroimaging of ADHD”
2003 Symposium Speaker; American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
New Frontiers in Neuoimaging of ADHD Symposium – Miami, FL
“Methylphenidate Improves Performance on the Multi-Source Interference Task”
2005 Symposium Speaker; American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
ADHD Symposium – Toronto, Canada
“Neuroimaging of ADHD”
2005-06 Wired to Win -IMAX Movie & Neuroscience Education Website Consultant
See http://www.wiredtowinthemovie.com/profile_georgebush.html
2005 Invited Speaker; Cambridge University, Betty Behrens Symposium, Cambridge, UK
“Cingulate Cortex: Combined fMRI and Intracranial Recording Studies of
Cognition and Reward”
2006 Symposium Slide Presentation; American Psychiatric Association – Toronto, CA
Understanding and Managing the Transition of ADHD From Adolescence to Young
Adulthood: The Maturation of the Disorder
“Imaging the Brains of ADHD Adults: New Findings”
2006 Symposium Slide Presentation; American Psychiatric Association – Toronto, CA
Advances in the Neurobiology and Therapeutics of ADHD
“Functional MRI Studies of Medication Effects in ADHD”
2007 Symposium Slide Presentation; American Psychiatric Association – San Diego, CA
Deconstructing Attention and Cognition in ADHD: New Understandings for
Improved Management
“Neurobiology of ADHD”
2007 Symposium Speaker; American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
ADHD Symposium – Boston, MA
“Novel fMRI Findings in ADHD”
2008 Symposium Slide Presentation; American Psychiatric Association – Washington, DC
“A Pharmacoimaging Study of OROS-MPH using Functional Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (fMRI) in Adults with ADHD”
2008 Invited Speaker, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY
“Advances in Neuroimaging of ADHD”
2011 Invited Speaker, Valley Stream High School, Valley Stream, NY
“Clinical Treatment and Neurobiology of ADHD”
2011 Invited Speaker, Eagle Avenue Middle School, West Hempstead, NY
“Clinical Treatment and Neurobiology of ADHD”
b. Leadership Roles
1993-1994 Founder of Department of Psychiatry Journal Club,
University Hospital at Stony Brook
1993-1994 Originator and Administrator of Resident Education Fund
University Hospital at Stony Brook
1999 Psychiatric Neuroimaging Leadership Committee
2000 National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD
Discussion Group Leader, “From Neurobiology to Psychopathology: Integrating
Cognition and Emotion Meeting”
2001 Organization for Human Brain Mapping Annual Meeting, Brighton, UK
Chairman, Emotion & Cognition Symposium
2002- Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders Neuroimaging Research
Steering Committee, Massachusetts General Hospital
2003 ADHD Neurogenetics Translational Research Network (Multi-site Task Force
Neuroimaging Division Leader
2006- Benson-Henry Mind-Body Institute at MGH
Director of Neuroimaging Research
III. Bibliography:
Original Reports:
1. Bush G, Fink M, Petrides G, Dowling F, Francis A.: Catatonia. I: Rating scale and standardized examination. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1996; 93:129-137.
2. Bush G, Fink M, Petrides G, Dowling F, Francis A.: Catatonia. II: Treatment with lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1996; 93:138-144.
3. Bush G, Petrides G, Francis A.: Catatonia and other motor syndromes in a chronically hospitalized psychiatric population. Schizophrenia Research. 1997; 27:83-92.
4. Francis A, Divadeenam K, Bush G, Petrides G. Consistency of symptoms in recurrent catatonia. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 1997; 38:56-60.
5. Petrides G, Divadeenam K, Bush G, Francis A. Synergism of Lorazepam and ECT in the Treatment of Catatonia. Biological Psychiatry. 1997; 42:375-381.
6. Rauch SL, Whalen PJ, Savage CR, Curran T, Kendrick A, Bush G, Breiter HC, Brown HD, Rosen BR. Striatal recruitment during an implicit sequence learning task as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Human Brain Mapping 1997; 5:124-132.
7. Bush G, Whalen PJ, Rosen BR, Jenike MA, McInerney SC, Rauch SL: The Counting Stroop: An interference task specialized for functional neuroimaging - validation study with functional MRI. Human Brain Mapping. 1998; 6:270-282.
8. Whalen PJ, Bush G, McNally RJ, Wilhelm S, McInerney SC, Jenike MA, Rauch SL. The emotional counting Stroop paradigm: An fMRI probe of the anterior cingulate affective division. Biological Psychiatry 1998; 44:1219-1228.
9. Cramer SC, Finklestein SP, Schaechter JD, Bush G, Rosen BR. Activation of distinct motor cortex regions during ipsilateral and contralateral finger movements. Journal of Neurophysiology 1999; 81:383-387.
10. Bush G, Frazier JA, Rauch SL, Seidman LJ, Whalen PJ, Jenike MA, Rosen BR, Biederman J. Anterior cingulate cortex dysfunction in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder revealed by fMRI and the Counting Stroop. Biological Psychiatry 1999; 45:1542-1552.
11. Lazar SW, Bush G, Gollub RL, Fricchione GL, Khalsa G, Benson H. Functional brain mapping of the relaxation response and meditation. NeuroReport 2000; 11:1581-1585.
12. Shin, L.M., Whalen, P.J., Pitman, R.K., Bush, G., Macklin, M.L., Lasko, N.B., Orr, S.P., McInerney, S.C., & Rauch, S.L. An fMRI study of anterior cingulate function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry 2001; 50:932-942.
13. Bush, G.; Vogt, B.A.; Holmes, J.; Dale, A. M.; Greve, D.; Jenike, M.A.; Rosen, B. R. Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex: A role in reward-based decision-making. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U. S. A. 2002; 99:507-512.
14. Bush, G.; Shin, L. M., Holmes, J.; Rosen, B. R. Vogt, B.A. The Multi-Source Interference Task: Validation Study with fMRI in Individual Subjects. Molecular Psychiatry; 2003; 8:60-70.
15. Heckers S, Weiss AP, Deckersbach T, Goff D, Morecraft RJ, Bush G. Anterior cingulate cortex activation during cognitive interference in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry; 2004; 161:707-715.
16. Williams ZM, Bush G, Rauch SL, Cosgrove GR, Eskandar EN. Human anterior cingulate neurons and the integration of monetary reward with motor responses. Nature Neuroscience. 2004; 7:1370-1375.
17. Vogt BA, Vogt L, Farber NB, Bush G. Architecture and neurocytology of monkey cingulate cortex. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2005; 485:218-239.
18. Seidman LJ, Valera E, Makris N, Monuteaux MC, Boriel DL, Kelkar K, Kennedy DN, Caviness VS Jr, Bush G, Aleardi M, Faraone SV, Biederman J. Dorsolateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex volumetric abnormalities in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder identified by magnetic resonance imaging. Biological Psychiatry. 2006; 60:1071-1080.
19. Bush G, Whalen PJ, Shin LM, Rauch SL. The Counting Stroop: a cognitive interference task. Nature Protocols 2006; 1: 230-233.
20. Whalen PJ, Bush G, Shin LM, Rauch SL. The Emotional Counting Stroop: a task for assessing emotional interference during brain imaging. Nature Protocols 2006; 1: 293-296.
21. Bush G, Shin LM. The Multi-Source Interference Task: an fMRI task that reliably activates the cingulo-frontal-parietal cognitive/attention network. Nature Protocols 2006; 1: 308-313.
22. Makris N, Biederman J, Valera EM, Bush G, Kaiser J, Kennedy DN, Caviness VS, Faraone SV, Seidman LJ. Cortical Thinning of the Attention and Executive Function Networks in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Cerebral Cortex. 2007. 17:1364-1375.
23. Shin, L.M., Bush, G., Whalen, P.J., Handwerger, K., Cannistraro, P., Wright, C.I., Martis, B., Macklin, M.L., Lasko, N.B., Orr, S.P., Pitman, R.K., Rauch, S.L. Dorsal anterior cingulate function in posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress. 2007. 20:701-712.
24. Bush G, Spencer TJ, Holmes J, Shin LM, Valera E, Seidman LJ, Makris N, Surman C, Aleardi M, Mick E, Biederman J. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of methylphenidate and placebo in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder during the Multi-Source Interference Task. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2008. 65:102-114.
25. Biederman J, Makris N, Valera EM, Monuteaux MC, Goldstein JM, Buka S, Boriel DL. Bandyopadhyay S, Kennedy DN, Caviness VS, Bush G, Aleardi M, Hammerness P, Faraone SV, Seidman LJ. Towards further understanding of the comorbidity between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bipolar disorder: An MRI study of brain volumes. Psychological Medicine. 2007 38:1045-1056. [Epub 2007 Oct 15].
26. Makris NM, Buka SL, Biederman J, Papadimitriou GM, Hodge SM, Valera EM, Brown AB, Bush G, Monuteaux MC, Caviness VS, Kennedy DN, Seidman LJ. Attention and executive systems abnormalities in adults with childhood ADHD: A DT-MRI study of connections. Cerebral Cortex. 2008.18:1210-20. [Epub 2007 Sep 30].
27. Monuteaux MC, Seidman LJ, Faraone SV, Makris N, Spencer T, Valera E, Brown A, Bush G, Doyle AE, Hughes S, Helliesen M, Mick E, Biederman J. A preliminary study of dopamine D4 receptor genotype and structural brain alterations in adults with ADHD. American Journal Medical Genetics Part B. Neuropsychiatric Genetics. 2008 5:1436-41.
28. Brown AB, Biederman J, Valera EM, Doyle AE, Bush G, Spencer T, Monuteaux MC, Mick E, Gabrieli-Whitfield S, Makris N, LaViolette PS, Oscar-Berman M, Faraone SV, Seidman LJ. Effect of dopamine transporter gene (SLC6A3) variation on dorsal anterior cingulate function in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. American Journal Medical Genetics Part B. Neuropsychiatric Genetics (Accepted for Publication).
Reviews, Chapters and Editorials
1. Fink M, Bush G, Francis A: Catatonia: A Treatable Disorder, Occasionally Recognized. [Review] Directions in Psychiatry. 1993; 13:1-7.
2. Bush G: Easing the pain of mental illness. [Editorial] New York Newsday, 1994 July 27: 54.
3. Fink M, Bush G, Petrides G: What is catatonia? [Review] The Harvard Mental Health Letter. 1995;11:8.
4. Bush G, Kennedy D, Jiang A, Talavage T. An automated system of localization and characterization of functional MRI activations in four dimensions [abstract]. NeuroImage 1996; 3 (Suppl):555.
5. Fricchione G, Bush G, Fozdar M, Francis A, Fink M.: The Recognition and treatment of the catatonic syndrome. [Review] Journal of Intensive Care Medicine. 1997; 12:135-147.
6. Vogt BA, Absher JR, Bush G. Human retrosplenial cortex: where is it and is it involved in emotion? [Letter] Trends in Neurosciences. 2000; 23:195-197.
7. Bush G, Luu P, Posner MI. Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex. [Review] Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2000; 4:215-222.
8. Bush G. Race and Excellence: My Dialogue With Chester Pierce. [Book Review] American Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 158: 985.
9. Davidson RJ, Lewis DA, Alloy LB, Amaral DG, Bush G, Cohen JD, Drevets WC, Farah MJ, Kagan J, McClelland JL, Nolen-Hoeksema S, Peterson BS. Neural and Behavioral Substrates of Mood and Mood Regulation. [Review] Biological Psychiatry. 2002; 52:478-502.
10. Fricchione GL, Huffman JC, Stern TA and Bush G. Catatonia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and Serotonin Syndrome. MGH Handbook of General Hospital Psychiatry (5th Edition) 2004. Mosby, Philadelphia. Chapter 30, pp. 513-530.
11. Bush G. Multimodal Studies of Cingulate Cortex. Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention (ed. Michael I. Posner); 2004. Guilford Publications, Inc.; New York, NY. pp. 207-218.
12. Seidman LJ, Valera, EM, Bush G. Brain Function and Structure in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 2004; 27: 323-348.
13. Bush G, Valera EM, Seidman LJ. Functional neuroimaging of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a review and suggested future directions. Biological Psychiatry 2005; 57:1273-1284.
14. Fricchione GL, Huffman JC, Bush G Stern TA. Catatonia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, and Serotonin Syndrome. (2008) Massachusetts General Hospital Comprehensive Clinical Psychiatry. [Ed. Stern T, Rosenbaum JF]. Mosby/Elsevier, Inc. Chapter 55. Philadelphia, PA. 761-772.
15. Bush G. Neuroimaging of ADHD: Can new imaging findings be integrated in clinical practice? Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 2008.17:385-404.
16. Bush G. Dorsal anterior midcingulate cortex: Roles in normal cognition and disruption in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. (2009) Cingulate Neurobiology and Disease. (Ed. Brent Vogt) Oxford University Press. Chapter 12. New York, NY. pp. 245–274.
17. Bush G. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and Attention Networks. (2009) Neuropsychopharmacology. Sep 16. pp. 1-23 [Epub ahead of print].
Non-Print Materials [Computer Software & Miscellaneous]:
(Please note: Software list includes selected programs from over 150 currently used
by numerous research groups at the MGH-NMR Center, nationally, and internationally, for data
analysis of functional MRI data).
1988Visual Display of Neural Network Mechanisms, SUNY at Buffalo - School of Medicine
1995AnalyzeEZ: Automated statistical analysis of functional and anatomical MRI data
AnalyzeEZ_MC: Automated motion-correction and statistical analysis of functional and
anatomical MRI data. Tabulates motion-detection data.
Geocol:Statistical analysis of functional MRI data.
Image Display Utilities: (sl, kh, mos, RegView, ViewLM#)
Tal_EZ_MR:Automated spatial normalization of fMRI data into Talairach space.
1996Tal_Finder: Localizes regions of activation by smoothing statistical maps, finding local
maxima, identifying adjacent active voxels in 3-dimensional space. It
creates a table of activated regions, and calculates volumes of each region.
ROI.Comp: A multi-purpose program that compares sets of functionally identified 3-D
regions of interest (ROI’s) from different scans, permitting measurement
of (1) regional test-retest reliability within a single subject, (2) individual
variability amongst subjects, (3) overlap between different tasks.
TRR.Global: Measures global test-retest reliability (i.e. percentage agreement at each
overlapping pixel) for a pair of functional scans.
3dtc: Creates timecourses for 3-D regions of activation.
MR.Tal.Comp: Compares a set of functionally identified 3-D regions of activation from a Talairached fMRI scan to a list of Talairach points (e.g. from a
published study), reporting any overlap.
1997Counting Stroop (Computerized task and Performance Data Analysis Package)
- Currently being used by groups locally, nationally, and internationally
2000MSIT (Computerized task and Performance Data Analysis Package)
- Currently being used by groups locally, nationally, and internationally
2001EZ-fast-run: Streamlined Linux/Unix-based analysis stream for block-design or
event-related fMRI data
2005-06 Wired to Win -IMAX Movie & Neuroscience Education Website Consultant
See http://www.wiredtowinthemovie.com/profile_georgebush.html